1. What's the difference between the MEMO and TEXT?

- TEXT can store up to 255 characters, but the default size is 50 characters while the MEMO can store up to 65,536 characters.

2. What's the actual solution of the redundancy of in data entries?

- the actual solution id redundancy is to use NORMALIZATION process.

3. What are DBMS forms?

- the database community has developed a series of guidelines for ensuring that databases are normalized. These are referred to as normal forms and are numbered from one(the lowest form of normalization) to fiver(the highest).

Database, Table, Record

DATABASE

consists of an organized collection of data for one or more uses, typically in digital form. One way of classifying databases involves the type of their contents, for example: bibliographic, document-text, statistical. Digital databases are managed using database management systems, which store database contents, allowing data creation and maintenance, and search and other access.

TABLE

In relational databases and flat file databases, a table is a set of data elements (values) that is organized using a model of vertical columns (which are identified by their name) and horizontal rows. A table has a specified number of columns, but can have any number of rows. Each row is identified by the values appearing in a particular column subset which has been identified as acandidate key.

Table is another term forrelations; although there is the difference in that a table is usually a multi-set (bag) of rows whereas a relation is a set and does not allow duplicates. Besides the actual data rows, tables generally have associated with them somemeta-information, such asconstraints on the table or on the values within particular columns.]

RECORD

In the context of a relational database, a row—also called arecord or tuple—represents a single, implicitly structured dataitem in a table. In simple terms, a database table can be thought of as consisting of rowsand columns or fields. Each row in a table represents a set of related data, and every row in the table has the same structure.

For example, in a table that represents companies, each row would represent a single company. Columns might represent things like company name, company street address, whether the company is publicly held, its VAT number, etc.. In a table that represents the association of employees with departments, each row would associate one employee with one department.

The implicit structure of a row, and the meaning of the data values in a row, requires that the row be understood as providing a succession of data values, one in each column of the table. The row is then interpreted as a relvarcomposed of a set of tuples, with each tuple consisting of the two items: the name of the relevant column and the value this row provides for that column.

"My_Differentiation"

System

1. A group of interacting, interrelated, or interdependent elements forming a complex whole.

2. A functionally related group of elements, especially:

a. The human body regarded as a functional physiological unit.

b. An organism as a whole, especially with regard to its vital processes or functions.

c. A group of physiologically or anatomically complementary organs or parts: the nervous system; the skeletal system.

d. A group of interacting mechanical or electrical components.

e. A network of structures and channels, as for communication, travel, or distribution.

f. A network of related computer software, hardware, and data transmission devices.

3. An organized set of interrelated ideas or principles.

4. A social, economic, or political organizational form.

5. A naturally occurring group of objects or phenomena: the solar system.

6. A set of objects or phenomena grouped together for classification or analysis.

7. A condition of harmonious, orderly interaction.

8. An organized and coordinated method; a procedure. See synonyms at method.

9. The prevailing social order; the establishment. Used with the:You can't beat the system.

(2). A Database Management System (DBMS) is a set ofcomputer programs that controls the creation, maintenance, and the use of adatabase. It allows organizations to place control of database development in the hands of database administrators (DBAs) and other specialists. A DBMS is a system software package that helps the use of integrated collection of data records and files known as databases. It allows different user application programs to easily access the same database. DBMSs may use any of a variety ofdatabase models, such as thenetwork model or relational model. In large systems, a DBMS allows users and other software to store and retrieve data in astructured way. Instead of having to write computer programs to extract information, user can ask simple questions in a query language. Thus, many DBMS packages provideFourth-generation programming language (4GLs) and other application development features. It helps to specify the logical organization for a database and access and use the information within a database. It provides facilities for controlling data access, enforcing data integrity, managing concurrency, and restoring the database from backups. A DBMS also provides the ability to logically present database information to users while the Operating System (OS) is thesoftware on a computer that manages the way differentprograms use its hardware, and regulates the ways that a usercontrols the computer. Operating Systems is also a field of study within Applied Computer Science. Operating systems are found on almost any device that contains a computer with multiple programs—from cellular phonesand video game consoles to supercomputersand web servers. Some popular modern operating systems for personal computers includeMicrosoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux.The most important programthat runs on acomputer. Every general-purpose computer must have an operating system to run other programs. Operating systems perform basic tasks, such as recognizing inputfrom the keyboard, sendingoutputto the display screen, keeping track of files and directorieson the disk, and controlling peripheral devicessuch as disk drivesand printers.

Own Definition

From my own definition of Management..

it is from the root word "mange" means to lead a group or a system

to make it functions well......

MANAGEMENT

MANAGEMENT

1. (from Old French ménagement “the art of conducting, directing”, from Latin manu agere “to lead by the hand”) characterizes the process of leading and directing all or part of an organization, often a business, through the deployment and manipulation of resources (human, financial, material, intellectual or intangible). …

2. The guidance and control of action required to execute a program. Also, the individuals charged with the responsibility of conducting a program.

3. is the organizational process that includes strategic planning, setting; objectives, managing resources, deploying the human and financial assets needed to achieve objectives, and measuring results. Management also includes recording and storing facts and information for later use or for others within the organization. Management functions are not limited to managers and supervisors. Every member of the organization has some management and reporting functions as part of their job.

4. is the activity of getting things done with the aid of people and other resources.

5. . The process of getting activities completed efficiently with and through other people; 2. The process of setting and achieving goals through the execution of five basic management functions: planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling; that utilize human, financial, and material resources.

6. the process of achieving the objectives of the business organization by bringing together human, physical, and financial resources in an optimum combination and making the best decision for the organization while taking into consideration its operating environment.

7. the role of conducting and supervising a business or a system.